The convenience of a push button start system has revolutionized the driving experience, eliminating the need for traditional keys. However, this technology has also inadvertently created a new avenue for vehicle theft. Modern thieves have developed sophisticated techniques to exploit vulnerabilities in these systems, making it crucial for owners to understand and implement preventative measures. This article delves into the methods used by car thieves and provides comprehensive strategies to protect your push button start vehicle from being stolen.
Understanding How Thieves Target Push Button Start Vehicles
Criminals exploit vulnerabilities in keyless entry and ignition systems through methods like relay attacks and reprogramming. Understanding these methods is the first step in protecting your vehicle.
Relay Attacks: Amplifying the Signal
The most common method used to steal push button start vehicles is a relay attack. This technique involves using electronic devices to amplify and relay the signal from your key fob to the car, even when the fob is located inside your home. The car then believes the key is nearby and unlocks and starts. This is particularly effective when key fobs are left near doors or windows. Thieves often work in pairs, with one person standing near your house, capturing the fob’s signal, and the other near the car, transmitting it to unlock and start the engine.
Reprogramming the Key Fob: Gaining Unauthorized Access
Another method used by sophisticated thieves is to reprogram a blank key fob to match your vehicle’s system. This often requires physical access to the car’s onboard diagnostic (OBD) port, which is typically located under the dashboard. By connecting a specialized device to the OBD port, thieves can bypass the security system and program a new key fob. This is a more time-consuming process than a relay attack, but it provides the thief with permanent access to your vehicle.
Exploiting Software Vulnerabilities
Modern vehicles are essentially computers on wheels, and like any computer system, they are susceptible to software vulnerabilities. Hackers can exploit these vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to the vehicle’s control systems, including the ignition system. This type of attack requires a high level of technical expertise, but it poses a significant threat to the security of push button start vehicles.
Practical Steps to Protect Your Vehicle
Now that we understand the threats, let’s examine practical steps you can take to safeguard your vehicle from theft. These measures range from simple everyday habits to investing in advanced security systems.
Storing Your Key Fob Securely
The first line of defense against relay attacks is to store your key fob in a way that blocks its signal. This prevents thieves from capturing and amplifying it.
Using a Faraday Box or Pouch
A Faraday box or pouch is a metallic enclosure designed to block electromagnetic fields. Placing your key fob inside a Faraday box or pouch effectively shields it from relay attacks. These boxes are readily available online and at auto parts stores. Ensure the box is fully closed to maximize its effectiveness.
Storing Keys Away From Doors and Windows
Even without a Faraday box, you can reduce the risk of a relay attack by storing your key fob away from exterior doors and windows. The further away your key fob is from the outside, the weaker the signal that thieves can capture. Consider storing your key fob in a metal cabinet or drawer for added protection.
Investing in Aftermarket Security Systems
While factory-installed security systems offer a basic level of protection, aftermarket security systems provide enhanced security features that can deter thieves and protect your vehicle.
Installing a GPS Tracker
A GPS tracker allows you to monitor the location of your vehicle in real-time. If your car is stolen, you can use the GPS tracker to locate it and notify the authorities. Some GPS trackers also offer features such as geofencing, which alerts you if your vehicle leaves a designated area, and remote engine immobilization, which allows you to disable the engine remotely.
Installing an Immobilizer System
An immobilizer system prevents the engine from starting unless a specific key or code is present. This makes it much more difficult for thieves to start and drive away with your vehicle, even if they have gained access to the interior. Immobilizer systems can be either key-based or code-based, and some systems also offer smartphone integration.
Installing an Alarm System with Tilt Sensor
A comprehensive alarm system should include a tilt sensor. This will activate the alarm if the vehicle is being towed or lifted, potentially deterring thieves from attempting to steal your wheels or catalytic converter. A loud, responsive alarm can startle thieves and alert nearby residents.
Using a Steering Wheel Lock or Brake Pedal Lock
While these devices may seem old-fashioned, they provide a visible deterrent to thieves and make it more difficult to steal your vehicle.
The Physical Barrier to Theft
A steering wheel lock or brake pedal lock creates a physical barrier that prevents the vehicle from being driven. Thieves may be less likely to target a vehicle with these devices, as they require more time and effort to bypass. These locks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install.
Protecting the OBD Port
Since thieves often use the OBD port to reprogram key fobs, protecting this port can significantly enhance your vehicle’s security.
Installing an OBD Port Lock
An OBD port lock is a physical barrier that prevents unauthorized access to the OBD port. This device covers the OBD port and requires a key or code to remove it. This makes it much more difficult for thieves to connect their devices and reprogram key fobs.
Relocating the OBD Port
Another option is to relocate the OBD port to a less accessible location. This requires some technical expertise, but it can effectively prevent thieves from accessing the port. A mechanic can move the OBD port to a hidden location, making it much harder for thieves to find and use it.
Keeping Your Software Updated
Just like your computer or smartphone, your vehicle’s software needs to be updated regularly to patch security vulnerabilities.
Regular Software Updates
Make sure to keep your vehicle’s software up to date with the latest security patches. These updates often include fixes for vulnerabilities that thieves could exploit. Check with your dealer or manufacturer for information on how to update your vehicle’s software.
Being Aware of Your Surroundings
Simple awareness can go a long way in preventing vehicle theft. Pay attention to your surroundings and be cautious in unfamiliar or high-crime areas.
Parking in Well-Lit Areas
Always park your vehicle in well-lit areas, preferably with security cameras. Thieves are less likely to target vehicles in areas where they are easily visible.
Report Suspicious Activity
If you see anything suspicious, report it to the authorities immediately. This could include people loitering near vehicles or tampering with car locks.
Advanced Anti-Theft Technology
Beyond basic security measures, there are advanced technologies designed to thwart sophisticated theft attempts.
Two-Factor Authentication for Vehicle Access
Some aftermarket systems offer two-factor authentication for vehicle access. This means that in addition to the key fob, you need to enter a PIN code or use a biometric scan to start the vehicle. This adds an extra layer of security that makes it much harder for thieves to steal your car.
Ghost Immobilisers
Ghost immobilisers work by preventing the engine from starting unless a unique PIN code is entered using the existing buttons in your car (steering wheel buttons, dashboard buttons). As there are no key-fobs or smartphone apps involved, the system is undetectable using key cloning, key theft, and even if the vehicle keys are taken.
Remote Monitoring and Alerts
Advanced security systems can provide remote monitoring and alerts via smartphone apps. These systems can notify you if your car is moved, if the alarm is triggered, or if the battery is disconnected. You can also use the app to track your vehicle’s location and remotely disable the engine.
Working with Law Enforcement
Local law enforcement can offer valuable insights and assistance in protecting your vehicle from theft.
Participating in Community Watch Programs
Community watch programs help neighbors work together to deter crime. By participating in these programs, you can help to create a safer environment for your vehicle and your community.
Reporting Vehicle Theft Immediately
If your vehicle is stolen, report it to the police immediately. The sooner you report the theft, the better the chances of recovering your vehicle. Provide the police with as much information as possible, including the vehicle’s make, model, year, VIN, and any identifying features.
Insurance Considerations
Your insurance policy is a crucial safety net in the event of vehicle theft.
Understanding Your Policy Coverage
Review your insurance policy to understand the coverage for vehicle theft. Make sure you have adequate coverage to replace your vehicle if it is stolen and not recovered.
Installing Anti-Theft Devices Can Lower Insurance Premiums
Many insurance companies offer discounts for vehicles equipped with anti-theft devices. Installing a GPS tracker, alarm system, or immobilizer system can lower your insurance premiums. Check with your insurance company to see what discounts are available.
Conclusion
Protecting your push button start vehicle from theft requires a multi-faceted approach. By understanding the methods used by thieves and implementing the preventative measures outlined in this article, you can significantly reduce the risk of your vehicle being stolen. Remember to store your key fob securely, invest in aftermarket security systems, protect the OBD port, keep your software updated, and be aware of your surroundings. Stay informed about the latest theft techniques and adjust your security measures accordingly. By taking these steps, you can enjoy the convenience of a push button start vehicle without the worry of it being stolen.
What is the biggest vulnerability in push-button start vehicles that makes them susceptible to theft?
The primary vulnerability lies in the keyless entry and ignition system, specifically the radio frequency (RF) signals emitted by the key fob. Thieves exploit this by using signal amplification devices, often called “relay attack” devices, to intercept and amplify the key fob’s signal. This tricks the vehicle into thinking the key fob is nearby, allowing them to unlock and start the car without physically possessing the key.
Even if the key fob is inside your house, the amplified signal can reach the car parked outside. Once inside, the thief can simply press the push-button start and drive away. Modern vehicles rely heavily on electronic authentication, and compromising this electronic handshake is the most common method for stealing push-button start cars.
How does a relay attack work, and what devices do thieves typically use?
A relay attack involves two devices working in tandem. One device, positioned near the car, acts as a receiver, capturing the signal transmitted by the vehicle searching for the key fob. The second device, placed near the key fob (even inside a building), amplifies and relays this signal back to the car. This creates a “relay” that fools the car into believing the key fob is within range.
Thieves often use readily available electronic components to build these devices, making them relatively inexpensive and easy to obtain. Some commercial signal amplifiers are also used, disguised as everyday items to avoid suspicion. The sophistication of the equipment varies, but even basic relay attack devices can successfully steal a car.
What are some effective methods for blocking or shielding the key fob’s signal?
One of the most straightforward methods is using a Faraday bag or pouch, which is lined with a metallic material that blocks electromagnetic fields. Placing your key fob inside a Faraday bag effectively shields the signal, preventing relay attacks. Many affordable options are available online, specifically designed for key fob protection.
Alternatively, you can store your key fob in a metal container, such as a cookie tin or a metal box. The metal acts as a barrier, preventing the signal from being transmitted. While this might not be as aesthetically pleasing as a Faraday bag, it provides a similar level of protection, particularly if you’re looking for a cost-effective solution.
Are there any vehicle-specific security features I should be aware of to protect my push-button start car?
Many modern vehicles come equipped with security features that can deter theft, although they are not always foolproof. Check your owner’s manual for details on features like immobilizers, which prevent the car from starting without the correct key fob signal. Also, inquire about motion detectors or shock sensors that trigger an alarm if the car is tampered with.
Some car manufacturers offer enhanced security packages or software updates that address relay attack vulnerabilities. Contact your dealership to see if your vehicle is eligible for any security upgrades. These updates might include improved key fob authentication or the ability to disable the keyless entry feature entirely, relying solely on the physical key for unlocking the car.
Besides signal blocking, what other preventative measures can I take to reduce the risk of theft?
Beyond shielding the key fob signal, visible security measures can deter potential thieves. Consider installing a steering wheel lock or a pedal lock, which makes the car significantly harder to steal even if they gain access. These physical deterrents add another layer of security and can discourage criminals looking for an easy target.
Parking in well-lit areas and keeping valuables out of sight are also important preventative measures. A visible security camera near your parking spot can further deter theft. Additionally, consider installing a GPS tracking device in your car, which can help law enforcement recover your vehicle if it is stolen.
What is a kill switch, and how can it help prevent my car from being stolen?
A kill switch is a hidden switch that, when activated, interrupts a vital electrical circuit in your vehicle, preventing it from starting. This could be the fuel pump, ignition system, or starter motor. The switch is typically installed in a discreet location, known only to the owner, making it difficult for thieves to bypass.
Even if a thief manages to start the car using a relay attack or other method, the kill switch will prevent them from driving away. A professionally installed kill switch offers an added layer of security that can significantly reduce the risk of theft, especially when combined with other preventative measures.
Are there any aftermarket security systems that offer robust protection against relay attacks?
Yes, several aftermarket security systems are specifically designed to combat relay attacks and other forms of keyless entry theft. These systems often incorporate advanced features like two-factor authentication, requiring a PIN code to be entered before the car can be started. They may also include GPS tracking, remote engine disabling, and tamper alerts sent directly to your smartphone.
Choosing a reputable brand and having the system professionally installed is crucial for optimal performance and reliability. Research different systems and read reviews to find one that offers the features and level of protection you need. Consider consulting with a car security specialist for personalized recommendations based on your vehicle and security concerns.